Thor's Visit to
Hymir
The story of Thor’s visit to the Giant Hymir is told in verse in a
poem
of the Poetic Edda (Hymiskviða) and in prose in Snorri’s Edda. In
the Eddic
poem the myth begins by recounting how the gods, gathered at a
banquet
given by Ægir, discovered through magic arts that he had in his
possession
a huge number of kettles. Thor hinted to Ægir that he was inferior
to the
Æsir, and in revenge Ægir asked Thor to go out and find a kettle
large
enough to brew ale for all the Æsir at one time. No one had heard
of a
kettle of this size, until finally Tyr let it be known that his
father
(his mother’s father?), the Giant Hymir, who lived to the eastward
of the
Elivagar, had one that was a mile deep; but it was impossible for
any one to
get hold of it without trickery. Thor and Tyr accordingly drove
away from
Asgard and in due course arrived at the house of man named Egil;
there
they stabled the goats and continued on foot to Hymir’s farm, only
to
discover that he had gone out hunting. On walking into the hall
they found
Hymir’s wife (?), a hideous Giantess with nine hundred heads.
Hymir’s
daughter (?), Tyr’s mother, nevertheless received them kindly and
hid them
behind eight immense kettles that were hanging in the room, since,
as she
said, Hymir was not well disposed toward visitors. After a long
time Hymir
came home. As he stepped in at the door, the icicles that hung
from his
frosty beard sent forth a tinkling sound. His daughter greeted him
with
smooth words and told him that Thor and Tyr had come to see him:
“There
they are, hiding behind a pillar under the staircase.” At the
piercing looks
that shot from the eyes of the Giant, the pillar burst asunder and
the
crossbeam broke in two; all the kettles fell down and were
shattered into
bits except one only, which had come more finely tempered from the
forge.
Thor and Tyr now had to step out from their hiding; Hymir himself
was ill at
ease when he saw the deadly enemy of the Giants under his own
roof.
Three oxen were slaughtered for the evening meal, and of these
Thor
alone ate two. The next day Hymir proposed that they should go out
hunting, to see if they could not bag something really worth
eating; Thor, on
the other hand, offered to row a boat out to sea if Hymir would
provide bait for
fishing. Hymir pointed to his own herd of cattle, and Thor was not
slow in
tearing the head off an enormous black bull. Thor and Hymir now
rowed so
far out to sea that the Giant became alarmed, and then they began
to fish.
Hymir pulled in two whales at once; while Thor, who had taken his
seat aft,
baited his hook with the bull’s head and started angling for the
Midgard
Serpent. And sure enough, the Serpent took the bait and the hook
with it.
Thor hauled his catch up to the gunwale and gave it a blow on the
head
with his hammer so that the mountains echoed to the sound and the
whole
earth quaked; but the line parted and the Serpent sank back into
the sea.
As they rowed homeward Hymir sat in a fit of temper and spoke
never a
word. When they touched land, he asked Thor either to make the
boat fast
or to carry in the catch, thinking in either case to put his
strength to the test.
Thor laid hold of the boat by the prow and drew it ashore without
bailing out
the bilge water; then he picked up the oars and the bailing dipper
and
carried them up to the house, and the whales to boot, as if they
were
nothing at all. Still Hymir was not content; Thor was strong
enough both at
rowing and at carrying burdens, but the question remained whether
he had
the power to break the Giant’s beaker into bits. Thor hurled it
against a
stone pillar, but the pillar broke and the beaker was left whole.
Then Tyr’s
mother advised Thor to throw it against Hymir’s own hard forehead;
Thor
did so, and this time the beaker burst, while the Giant’s forehead
remained
unscathed.
Hymir felt his loss keenly, yet he said they might have the kettle
if they
were able to carry it out of the house. First Tyr tried to lift
it, but it would not
budge an inch. Thor was compelled to bend to the task himself; he
took so
strong a grip that his feet went through the floor. Finally he
succeeded in
slinging the kettle over his head, but it was so large that the
handles
clattered at his heels. Hurrying away, he traveled a great
distance before
looking back; on doing so at length, he saw Hymir and a whole army
of
many-headed Giants setting out in pursuit from their rocky
fastnesses in
the east. He threw the kettle off his shoulders, swung his hammer,
and
killed every one of the band. He had not gone far on his journey,
however,
before one of the goats stumbled to earth half dead; it was halt
on one foot,
and for that mishap malicious Loki was to blame.1 Thor finally
brought the
kettle into the presence of the assembled gods; and in it Ægir was
thereafter compelled to brew the ale for the yearly banquet which
he had to
provide for the Æsir.
According to Snorri’s Edda, Thor set out all alone, in the
likeness of a
“young lad,” without his wagon or his goats, and so arrived one
evening at
Hymir’s dwelling. He remained there during the night, and in the
morning
got permission to go out fishing with Hymir, although the Giant
did not look
for much help from a fellow so young and small. Thor asked Hymir
for bait, and on being told to provide for himself he tore the
head off Hymir’s
biggest bull, Heaven-Bellower (Himinhrjótr). Thor plied the oars;
but when
Hymir thought they were going rather too fast, he asked Thor to
lay by,
since they had reached his accustomed fishing banks; Thor for his
part,
wanted to row farther out. When they had gone on some distance,
Hymir
declared it would be unsafe to venture beyond a certain point for
fear of the
Midgard Serpent. Thor nevertheless rowed on and on, until Hymir
became
very ill at ease. At last Thor pulled in his oars, prepared a
stout line and a
hook to match, and baited it with the bull’s head. Then he dropped
the line,
and the Midgard Serpent took the bait so that the hook pierced the
roof of
his mouth. The Serpent gave the line such a violent jerk that
Thor’s
knuckles were dashed against the gunwale; furiously angry, he
rallied his
Æsir strength and pulled so hard that his feet went through the
boat and
struck the bottom of the sea. He succeeded in drawing the Serpent
up to
the gunwale; and a terrible sight it was to see Thor fix his
piercing eyes on
the Serpent and to see the Serpent glare in turn at Thor, spewing
venom
meanwhile. Hymir grew pale with terror as he caught sight of the
Serpent
and saw the waves washing into the boat and out again; fumbling
for his
bait knife, he cut the line off against the gunwale, and the
Serpent sank
back into the sea. Thor threw his hammer after it, but did not
succeed in
killing it. Yet he struck Hymir such a blow with his fist that the
Giant tumbled
overboard head first. Thor himself waded ashore.
Sources:
Peter
Andreas Munch: Norse Mythology: Legends of Gods
and Heroes. The American-Scandinavian Foundation, New
York. 1926, pp. 65-69.
Henry Adam Bellows:
The Poetic Edda. The
American-Scandinavian Foundation, New York, 1923, pp. 138ff.
Gylvaginning, pp. 68ff
; Rasmus B. Anderson
(Ed.): The Elder Eddas of
Saemund Sigfusson and the Younger Eddas of Snorre Sturleson.
Norræna Society, London-New York. 1906, pp. 312ff.
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